Sustainability is widely recognized a multifaceted concept: too often reduced solely to its climatic and environmental dimension, its intrinsic richness actually goes beyond the very classical tripartition of meaning most thoughtfully attributed to it (environmental, economic, and social). Both at the international level (Brundtland Report, 2030 Agenda, etc.) and in the European Treaties, food security has always represented an objective and a value closely intertwined with that of sustainability, whether due to the environmental consequences of agricultural productivism (for decades considered necessary to safeguard food security), or to the social dimension of agriculture and its products, on which the self-sufficiency of populations depends. Since the Treaty of Rome, it is no coincidence that the construction of the Cap placed at its core the idea of «developing agricultural production», which, on the one hand, was to be pursued according to a principle of “rationality” and, on the other, was to ensure a fair standard of living for the population and reasonable prices for consumers, thereby securing social stability and adequate purchasing power, and consequently guaranteeing access to food, both in an objective and subjective sense. It is within this legal framework of the Cap’s founding principles – whose distinctive feature is a rationality entailing mutual interdependence and flexibility of its objectives – that, at a certain historical juncture, the environmental objective was also explicitly introduced. This “epochal” shift, however, did not amount to a true “genetic” change of the Cap which, precisely by virtue of the “rational” framework imposed on it by the Treaties as its essential feature, possessed from the outset a “sustainable” character, such as to preclude, well before “sustainability” was explicitly invoked, any choice that might undermine food self-sufficiency, social stability, and access to food for future generations.
La sostenibilità è un concetto multiforme, troppo spesso declinato soltanto nella sua accezione climatica e ambientale, la sua ricchezza intrinseca va in realtà oltre la stessa classica tripartizione di senso che più meditatamente le si attribuisce (ambientale, economica e sociale). Tanto in sede internazionale (Rapporto Brundtland, Agenda 2030, ecc.) quanto nei Trattati europei la sicurezza alimentare ha sempre rappresentato un obiettivo e un valore fortemente interconnesso con quello della sostenibilità, vuoi per le conseguenze ambientali del produttivismo agricolo (per alcuni decenni considerato necessario a salvaguardare la food security), vuoi per la dimensione sociale dell’agricoltura e dei suoi prodotti, dai quali dipende la possibilità di autosostentamento di una popolazione. Sin dal Trattato di Roma, non a caso, è stata posta al centro della costruzione della PAC un’idea di “sviluppo della produzione agricola” che, da un lato, doveva avvenire sulla base di un canone di “razionalità”, dall’altro doveva garantire un tenore di vita equo alla popolazione e prezzi ragionevoli ai consumatori, così assicurando stabilità sociale e potere di acquisto adeguato, con conseguente garanzia di accesso al cibo, in senso oggettivo e soggettivo. È in questo quadro giuridico di principi-base della PAC, il cui tratto distintivo è una razionalità implicante interdipendenza reciproca e flessibilità dei suoi obiettivi, che in un certo momento storico si inserisce in modo esplicito anche la finalità ambientale. Questo mutamento “epocale”, però, non ha rappresentato un vero cambiamento “genetico” della PAC, la quale, proprio grazie alla conformazione “razionale” che le è sempre stata imposta dai Trattati come suo carattere essenziale, aveva ab origine una fisionomia “sostenibile”, tale da precludere – molto prima che espressamente si parlasse di “sostenibilità” – qualsiasi scelta che potesse pregiudicare l’autosufficienza alimentare, la stabilità sociale e l’accesso al cibo per le generazioni future.
L'ingresso della sostenibilità nei Trattati europei
Borghi P.Primo
2025
Abstract
Sustainability is widely recognized a multifaceted concept: too often reduced solely to its climatic and environmental dimension, its intrinsic richness actually goes beyond the very classical tripartition of meaning most thoughtfully attributed to it (environmental, economic, and social). Both at the international level (Brundtland Report, 2030 Agenda, etc.) and in the European Treaties, food security has always represented an objective and a value closely intertwined with that of sustainability, whether due to the environmental consequences of agricultural productivism (for decades considered necessary to safeguard food security), or to the social dimension of agriculture and its products, on which the self-sufficiency of populations depends. Since the Treaty of Rome, it is no coincidence that the construction of the Cap placed at its core the idea of «developing agricultural production», which, on the one hand, was to be pursued according to a principle of “rationality” and, on the other, was to ensure a fair standard of living for the population and reasonable prices for consumers, thereby securing social stability and adequate purchasing power, and consequently guaranteeing access to food, both in an objective and subjective sense. It is within this legal framework of the Cap’s founding principles – whose distinctive feature is a rationality entailing mutual interdependence and flexibility of its objectives – that, at a certain historical juncture, the environmental objective was also explicitly introduced. This “epochal” shift, however, did not amount to a true “genetic” change of the Cap which, precisely by virtue of the “rational” framework imposed on it by the Treaties as its essential feature, possessed from the outset a “sustainable” character, such as to preclude, well before “sustainability” was explicitly invoked, any choice that might undermine food self-sufficiency, social stability, and access to food for future generations.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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