“Twin transition” and HRM practices: empirical evidence from Italian firms

The increasing policy emphasis on achieving a joint green and digital transformation–referred to as the ‘twin transition’ is driving techno-organisational change in new directions. This paper examines how firms’ internal organisation of labour in the manufacturing sector influences their ability to innovate in the interconnected green and digital domains. Given the systemic nature of sustainability transitions, its ‘twin’ evolution introduces complexities that extend beyond the challenges posed by decarbonisation and circularity. Empirical results show that organisational changes and human resource practices, alongside technological advancements, play a pivotal role in facilitating this transition.