The structural and symbolic decline of the Lateran, which certainly occurred from the late Middle Ages onward, is not accurately documented by literary and cartographic sources. In the former, the focus is primarily on the importance of relics, while in the latter, the main objective is to highlight the area’s topographical and archaeological features. Iconographic sources, on the other hand, emphasize the mythical image of the site where relics from Jerusalem are housed, highlighting the ongoing confrontation between the empire and the papacy. From the analysis of these iconographic sources, combined with the evidence found in Marteen van Heemskerck’s sketchbook concerning the entrance portico of the palace, the Loggia of Benedictions, and the equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius, the medieval Lateran emerges as a complex of buildings primarily located along the northern side of the Constantinian basilica in an area predominantly suburban in character, still heavily marked by the presence of imperial ruins. The aim of this contribution is to offer as precise a reconstruction as possible of the Lateran complex and its constituent buildings in their material and formal state during the medieval period. This will be achieved through a careful study of indirect, graphic, and iconographic sources, as well as the scant literary sources, whose scarcity itself reflects the decline and state of neglect of the Lateran during this time.
Il declino strutturale e simbolico del Laterano, che si verificò certamente a partire dal tardo Medioevo, non è documentato con precisione dalle fonti letterarie e cartografiche. Nelle prime, l’attenzione è rivolta principalmente all’importanza delle reliquie, mentre nelle seconde l’obiettivo principale è mettere in risalto le caratteristiche topografiche e archeologiche dell’area. Le fonti iconografiche, invece, enfatizzano l’immagine mitica del luogo che custodisce reliquie provenienti da Gerusalemme, sottolineando il perdurante confronto tra impero e papato. Dall’analisi di tali fonti iconografiche, unite alle testimonianze presenti nel taccuino di schizzi di Maarten van Heemskerck riguardanti il portico d’ingresso del palazzo, la Loggia delle Benedizioni e la statua equestre di Marco Aurelio, emerge l’immagine del Laterano medievale come un complesso di edifici situato principalmente lungo il lato settentrionale della basilica costantiniana, in un’area a prevalente carattere suburbano, ancora fortemente segnata dalla presenza di rovine imperiali. L’obiettivo di questo contributo è offrire una ricostruzione quanto più precisa del complesso lateranense e dei suoi edifici costitutivi nel loro stato materiale e formale durante il periodo medievale. Ciò avverrà attraverso un attento studio delle fonti indirette, grafiche e iconografiche, oltre che delle scarse fonti letterarie, la cui stessa esiguità riflette il declino e lo stato di abbandono del Laterano in questo periodo.
Il complesso del Laterano nel Medioevo
Alessandro Ippoliti
2024
Abstract
The structural and symbolic decline of the Lateran, which certainly occurred from the late Middle Ages onward, is not accurately documented by literary and cartographic sources. In the former, the focus is primarily on the importance of relics, while in the latter, the main objective is to highlight the area’s topographical and archaeological features. Iconographic sources, on the other hand, emphasize the mythical image of the site where relics from Jerusalem are housed, highlighting the ongoing confrontation between the empire and the papacy. From the analysis of these iconographic sources, combined with the evidence found in Marteen van Heemskerck’s sketchbook concerning the entrance portico of the palace, the Loggia of Benedictions, and the equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius, the medieval Lateran emerges as a complex of buildings primarily located along the northern side of the Constantinian basilica in an area predominantly suburban in character, still heavily marked by the presence of imperial ruins. The aim of this contribution is to offer as precise a reconstruction as possible of the Lateran complex and its constituent buildings in their material and formal state during the medieval period. This will be achieved through a careful study of indirect, graphic, and iconographic sources, as well as the scant literary sources, whose scarcity itself reflects the decline and state of neglect of the Lateran during this time.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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30 - QUADERNI 79-80 - IPPOLITI - PP. 391-400 (1).pdf
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