Johann Gottlieb Fichte. Oltre i confini dell’atteggiamento naturale

In this paper, I argue that Johann Gottlieb Fichte's philosophy presents a thinking of the process through which one moves beyond the natural attitude to attain a deeper and more autonomous grasp of knowledge. Central to Fichte's approach is the notion of a philosophical 'experiment', wherein the intuition of the 'I' emerges not merely as a subjective given, but as the necessary condition for accessing a higher truth. This process demands a deliberate detachment from ordinary world perception, challenging the very framework within which empirical knowledge is typically constrained. I contend that the ‘negative moment’— the act of abstraction from the everyday — is not merely a preliminary step but a decisive rupture that liberates thought from the limitations of direct perception. It is precisely through this act of negation that free and transcendental reflection becomes possible, revealing the essential structure of knowledge beyond the empirical realm.