Evaluation of biological properties and beneficial effects for a sustainable and conscious exploitment of Achatina fulica snails

The invasive giant African land snail, Achatina fulica, poses significant environmental and health risks due to its rapid spread and role as a host for harmful parasites. However, this species also presents economic and scientific opportunities. Its mucus has shown potential for wound healing, antimicrobial, anti- inflammatory, and anticancer applications, while its calcium-rich shells can be used in biotechnology, construction, and even biofuel production. Snail farming offers a sustainable income source in tropical regions due to the snail’s high nutritional value. This review highlights both the threats and benefits associated with A. fulica, suggesting that proper management could transform an ecological challenge into an economic asset, fostering sustainable development and innovation across multiple industries.