Il “costruttivismo kantiano” in teoria morale

In this paper I give an overview of moral constructivism, which is one of the theories presenting themselves as Kantian, even though their development has proven to be less close to Kant’s ideas than some advocators of this theory would admit. The most controversial proposal is John Rawls’. He decides to address the problems of the foundation of a society without taking into account any kind of metaphysical basis. However, in order to answer the foundational question of the community he refers to, he adopts a Kantian theory of justification. This foundation, i.e. a Kantian ideal of person, is very different from Kant’s ideal. Onora O’Neill and Christine Korsgaard also try to give an account of ethical theory, whose foundation is supposed to be Kantian – whether or not it actually is, is also arguable. They all deserve credit for calling the attention of contemporary moral philosophers to Kantian themes. Nonetheless, they do not succeed in giving satisfactory answers to the problems of the foundation of ethics.