The Essay deals with the Judgment of the European Court of Justice of the 2nd of April 2020, in Case C 329/19, concerning a request for a preliminary ruling referred by the Tribunale di Milano relating to the interpretation of Article 2 (b) of Directive 93/13/EEC on unfair terms in consumer contracts, where the “consumer” is defined as “any natural person who is acting for purposes which are outside his strade, business or profession”. According to the ECJ, contracts concluded with professional traders by a commonhold association (represented by his administrator) do not fall whithin the scope of application of directive 93/13/EEC, because the commonhold association is a subject of the law different from a (mere) natural person, no matter if the national law qualifies it as a legal person or not. The Court adds nevertheless that the EU-law does not preclude a national case-law which interprets the national legislation intended to transpose that directive in such a way that its protective rules also apply to a contract between a professional trader and subject of the law such as the commonhold association (condominio) in Italian law, notwithstanding that such a contract does not fall within the scope of the directive. By these way, the ECJ has avoided to deal with all the complicated items connected with the applicability of the special rules on consumer contracts to the contractual relationships of the condominio, which have been heavily discussed in many EU countries and not only in Italy: the related questions therefore remain open and unsolved, not only in the Member States where the commonhold association is recognised as an autonomous Subject of the Law, but even in the Member States where the commonhold association is not recognised as an autonomous Subject of the Law.
Il saggio analizza criticamente i contenuti e le motivazioni della sentenza della Corte di Giustizia del 2 aprile 2020 che, pronunciandosi su di una questione pregiudiziale sollevata dal Tribunale di Milano, ha affermato che i contratti che (l’amministratore di) un condominio conclude con professionisti fornitori di beni o servizi non rientrano nell’ambito di operatività della direttiva 93/13/CEE concernente le clausole abusive nei contratti dei consumatori, e ciò in ragione del fatto che il condominio, essendo un soggetto giuridico autonomo distinto dalle persone fisiche, non potrebbe essere qualificato come “consumatore”. La stessa sentenza riconosce tuttavia la piena compatibilità con il diritto UE di un orientamento della giurisprudenza di un Paese membro che estendesse in via interpretativo/applicativa anche ai contratti conclusi dal condominio l’applicazione delle norme interne di attuazione della citata direttiva di protezione dei consumatori. La pronuncia, lungi dal risolvere in via definitiva un complesso problema interpretativo vivacemente discusso in Italia e in altri Paesi UE, sembra dar vita a nuovi dubbi e aprire ulteriori, delicate questioni, che il saggio si propone di illustrare.
Diritto dei consumatori e rapporti contrattuali del condominio: la soluzione della Corte di Giustizia UE
De Cristofaro Giovanni
2020
Abstract
The Essay deals with the Judgment of the European Court of Justice of the 2nd of April 2020, in Case C 329/19, concerning a request for a preliminary ruling referred by the Tribunale di Milano relating to the interpretation of Article 2 (b) of Directive 93/13/EEC on unfair terms in consumer contracts, where the “consumer” is defined as “any natural person who is acting for purposes which are outside his strade, business or profession”. According to the ECJ, contracts concluded with professional traders by a commonhold association (represented by his administrator) do not fall whithin the scope of application of directive 93/13/EEC, because the commonhold association is a subject of the law different from a (mere) natural person, no matter if the national law qualifies it as a legal person or not. The Court adds nevertheless that the EU-law does not preclude a national case-law which interprets the national legislation intended to transpose that directive in such a way that its protective rules also apply to a contract between a professional trader and subject of the law such as the commonhold association (condominio) in Italian law, notwithstanding that such a contract does not fall within the scope of the directive. By these way, the ECJ has avoided to deal with all the complicated items connected with the applicability of the special rules on consumer contracts to the contractual relationships of the condominio, which have been heavily discussed in many EU countries and not only in Italy: the related questions therefore remain open and unsolved, not only in the Member States where the commonhold association is recognised as an autonomous Subject of the Law, but even in the Member States where the commonhold association is not recognised as an autonomous Subject of the Law.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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