Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures in a Thalassemic Patient with Hypoparathyroidism and Brain Calcinosis

Acquired hypoparathyroidism (HPT) is a not uncommon complication in patients with β-thalassemia major. The insufficient production of parathyroid hormone is mainly due to iron overload in parathyroid glands. We report a 22-year-old female thalassemic patient referred to our Unit for hypogonadism. During the previous two years she had presented with tonic-clonic seizures. After the second episode the patient was treated with phenytoin and valproate. Laboratory investigations were compatible with a diagnosis of HPT. A computed tomography scan of the head showed diffuse cerebral calcifications in the basal ganglia, frontal subcortical white matter, lentiform nucleus and cerebellum. After treatment with oral calcium supplementation and calcitriol she did not experience any further seizures. In addition, we present a brief review of the literature and report the Authors’ recommendations.