First recognition of predetermined core reduction sequences in the Southern Po Plain area before isotopic stage 8 at the site of Cave Dall’Olio (Bologna).

This paper reports results of re-analysis of the assemblage of Cave dall’Olio (Bologna, Italy), which previous studies had allowed to include in the “Clactonian and Protolevallois facies” recognised in the Italian peninsula. On the base of correlations established with the climatic curves defined from the analysis of oceanic carrots this assemblage has been referred to a period preceding MIS 8. The technological analysis carried out has been focused on the recognition of débitage objectives and the identification of volumetric conceptions. Several reduction sequences have thus been recognised most of which are characterised by a considerable control of the flaking convexities and a hierarchical subordination between the flaking surface and the striking platform. Some of them perfectly fit the variability of the Levallois reduction concept while others are characterised by a more volumetric semi-tournant exploitation of the core. Particularly the latter result in the production of thick laminar blanks. Analyses have also helped elements which were previously described as “typical clactonian and protolevallois products” to be replaced within the different phases of the reduction sequences identified, thus allowing a new interpretation of this assemblage. The results obtained highlight early appearance of predetermined core reduction sequences in the Italian peninsula, within the latest Acheulean complexes belonging to a middle-advanced phase of the Middle Pleistocene, in a perfect coherence with other regions of western Europe and the Levant.