The chapter aims to show how, from the signoria of Niccolò III to the days of Duke Ercole I d’Este and his son Alfonso I, encomiastic literature and artistic propaganda made use of mythological and historical figures from antiquity, such as Hercules, Cyrus the Great, Alexander of Macedon and Caesar, in order to promote and consolidate the image of the Este rulers as wise and clement lords. Such propaganda strategies were particularly important in the years marked by internal conflict between members of the Este family over the succession to the ducal throne, with violent and repeated clashes between the opposing factions of the Veleschi, followers of Niccolò di Leonello, and the Diamanteschi, supporters of Ercole. In line with similar cultural appropriation of classical antiquity in the neighbouring principalities, the lords of Ferrara encouraged court literati and artists to create an idealised image of Estense rule, an image constructed through the characters of ancient heroes, thus representing a union of ancient and modern virtues. This propaganda was so strong and pervasive during the long Quattrocento that we find it even in the lowest strata of Ferrarese literature – works that were not always supportive of the Este – where the same ancient figures reappear in the role of specula principis.
Il saggio si propone di illustrare in che modo, dalla signoria di Niccolò III alla fine di quella di Ercole I (toccando marginalmente anche il periodo di Alfonso I), la propaganda artistica e letteraria si sia avvalsa di figure mitologiche e storiche dell’antichità (Ercole, Ciro il Grande, Alessandro Magno, Cesare, ecc.) al fine di consolidare nel corso del tempo l’immagine del buon governo estense e del suo saggio e clemente signore soprattutto quando la successione al potere, tra Borso ed Ercole I, fu assai turbolenta per i contrasti interni alla stessa casata. Sulla scia di analoga appropriazione culturale dell’antichità classica nelle signorie limitrofe, i signori di Ferrara incentivarono i letterati e gli artisti di corte a creare l’immagine di una sovranità che si rispecchiasse in modo del tutto peculiare nei caratteri dei singoli eroi classici e che si proponesse come somma di pregi antichi e di virtù moderne. Tale propaganda, così certosinamente perseguita nel corso del secolo, si palesa fin negli strati più bassi della cultura cittadina, dove le figure antiche ricompaiono come specula principis.
Eroi antichi alla corte di Ferrara: Alessandro, Cesare, Ciro il Grande ed Ercole specula principis della casa d’Este
Valentina Gritti
2025
Abstract
The chapter aims to show how, from the signoria of Niccolò III to the days of Duke Ercole I d’Este and his son Alfonso I, encomiastic literature and artistic propaganda made use of mythological and historical figures from antiquity, such as Hercules, Cyrus the Great, Alexander of Macedon and Caesar, in order to promote and consolidate the image of the Este rulers as wise and clement lords. Such propaganda strategies were particularly important in the years marked by internal conflict between members of the Este family over the succession to the ducal throne, with violent and repeated clashes between the opposing factions of the Veleschi, followers of Niccolò di Leonello, and the Diamanteschi, supporters of Ercole. In line with similar cultural appropriation of classical antiquity in the neighbouring principalities, the lords of Ferrara encouraged court literati and artists to create an idealised image of Estense rule, an image constructed through the characters of ancient heroes, thus representing a union of ancient and modern virtues. This propaganda was so strong and pervasive during the long Quattrocento that we find it even in the lowest strata of Ferrarese literature – works that were not always supportive of the Este – where the same ancient figures reappear in the role of specula principis.I documenti in SFERA sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.


