FORUM A+P INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT "Crafting ‘Scientific’ Research in Architecture" An approach on the formal sustainability of the city and the definition of sustainable elements on city and urban scale

Abstract The context in architecture has always been a special place of discussion. Many architects and philosophers who dealt with cities and urban planning always tried to fnd ideal solutions for the community, for the city, and beyond. As a result of continuous studies, thoughts, and numerous analyses, there are many defnitions, questions, and conclusions about the ideal city and inevitably in each conclusion or result from the identity of the country came naturally as a component. The objective of this project is to develop a methodology or set of methods for measuring and evaluating the sustainability of the urban form. The outcome of the project will be instruments of analysis and architectural/urban composition expressed through drawing. The concept will be compositions that indicate the sustainability of an existing site and propose a future sustainable form. The objective of this collaborative research project will orient in solutions to sustainable elements by itself and at the scale of the city of urban by differentiating sustainable and unsustainable elements. The idea of belonging and place are parameters that will always be stable and that people naturally look for, therefore, here the local identity, stability, belonging, memory, and connection with the place where we live and work come to the fore. This raises the question of what makes a place sustainable in terms of form, architecture, and belonging. What are those elements that contribute directly and indirectly to the formation of the country ? (T. Jashari Kajtazi and R. Zogiani, 2021) From the case study, during two workshops in the framework of doctoral studies and scientifc research on this topic, analyses were made in Polis and Ferrara with groups of students of different profles to determine the elements and those indicators that have given a result of gender and the construction of cities- theoretically and practically. As Rossi claims in Architecture of the city (Rossi, 1984)- critiques modern architectural practice for its lack of awareness of the city in this book. Rossi contends that a city must be examined and cherished as something built through time, with special emphasis on urban artifacts that outlast the passage of time – that seems to be correct in some aspects of the city. On the other hand, (Sitte, 1945) examined successful public spaces in ancient towns in terms of patterns and relationships between town features, as well as the sequence and complexity of plazas and roadways – so by analysing the city of Tirana practically will be seen the elements relevant to each theory and claims ft in or not. From these two organized workshops, systematic and professional work was done in the felds of architecture, urban planning, and the environment so that the research was as real and comprehensive as possible. Tirana was the city that was studied by us and the outcomes were derived from analysing Tirana, so that they serve for other approaches with same complexities and diffculties for other cities with similar issues.