Starting from the History of Mathematics in Late Modern Italy (XVIII-XX centuries): from primary sources to mathematical concepts

The workshop intends to propose didactic paths that use materials derived from pri-mary historical sources, accessible to secondary school students, integrated with labor-atory activities. Its focus is the history of mathematics in Italy, from the eighteenth to the twentieth centuries. The workshop is divided into four parts: 1. The dissemination of infinitesimal calculus in Italy, by comparing two different approaches, the Leibnizian paradigm of the “differentials” and the Newtonian concep-tualization of the “ultimate ratios of vanishing quantities”. 2. The science of waters as the main field of applied mathematics. 3. Re-launching Italian education and research after political unification. 4. The geometry of paper folding and the resolution of problems of third degree.