La ragione, tra naturalizzazione e trascendentalismo. Herder e Kant, sulla perfettibilità del genere umano

The paper deals with an illustrious precedent of the current opposition between the promoters of the “naturalization of reason” and the advocates of transcendentalism, i.e., the Herder-Kant controversy on the destination of humankind and the meaning of its historical existence. More specifically, the paper focuses on the theoretical premises of this contrast between Kant and Herder, concerning the problematic relationship between nature and freedom, in the framework of the historical development of human responsiveness to rationality.