Il miglioramento dell’efficienza energetica dell’edilizia preindustriale di base: approccio conoscitivo e strumenti innovativi per il governo delle trasformazioni

This contribution aims to present the synthesis of an ongoing research, developed in two different PhD dissertations, regarding the improvement of energy efficiency of buildings, when it comes to dealing with the complexity and heterogeneity of the urban fabric for the pre-industrial basic building. In particular, a learning and operating approach is developed, which allows to recognize the physiological limit of transformability of the preindustrial basic building characteristics for energy performance enhancement, beyond which a process of incompatible alteration is implemented. By preindustrial basic building is meant the product of a building process which is the result of a non-codified practice preceding the industrialization of the components and the organization of the process itself; it is designed for residence purposes and it is the result of a spontaneous development of building types. The study identifies a methodological and interdisciplinary approach which is consistent with the principles of restoration, suggesting terms, concepts and learning modes at territory level, in order to orient the process of restoration currently adopted for the intervention on preindustrial basic building. Furthermore, we developed instruments which are useful to learn and manage the transformations at the territory level. These instruments target also administrations and political decision-makers, in order to direct energy and territory planning policies which are compatible with the historical context.